Which of the following is highlighted in Competency 2 for effective reading instruction?

The focus of Competency 2 for effective reading instruction is on phonics and word analysis skills. This emphasizes the importance of teaching students how to decode words and understand the relationships between sounds and letters, which is critical for developing strong reading abilities. Phonics instruction provides learners with the foundational knowledge they need to process written language, enabling them to read fluently and with comprehension.

Phonics and word analysis skills are integral to reading success, as they help students break down unfamiliar words, making reading more accessible and reducing the likelihood of frustration. This competency ensures that teachers are equipped with strategies to implement effective phonics programs in the classroom, thereby supporting students' overall literacy development.

In contrast to other options, simply understanding grammar rules, instruction in handwriting techniques, or the use of visual aids and multimedia tools does not specifically address the foundational skills necessary for reading proficiency that phonics instruction provides.