Which article of the Constitution defines the judicial branch, including the Supreme Court?

Article 3 of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the United States, which includes the Supreme Court and other inferior courts that Congress may create. This article outlines the powers and jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, as well as the appointment and tenure of federal judges. It grants the judicial branch the authority to interpret laws, resolve disputes, and ensure justice under the Constitution.

By defining the judicial branch, Article 3 plays a crucial role in maintaining the system of checks and balances among the three branches of government. This structure is essential for safeguarding individual rights and upholding the rule of law. Understanding this article is vital for comprehending how the judiciary functions within the framework of the U.S. government.