What major global challenge was underscored by the development of atomic bombs at the end of World War II?

The development of atomic bombs at the end of World War II fundamentally highlighted the potential for nuclear destruction. This advancement in military technology not only demonstrated unprecedented destructive power but also introduced a new level of global threat that could devastate entire cities and populations in moments. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki serve as historical examples of this significant danger, showcasing the immediate and long-lasting effects of nuclear weapons.

The use of atomic bombs marked the beginning of the nuclear age, leading to fears of a nuclear arms race during the subsequent Cold War era. This heightened awareness of the catastrophic consequences of nuclear warfare prompted discussions about arms control, non-proliferation treaties, and the moral implications of possessing such weapons. The potential for widespread and indiscriminate destruction fundamentally changed international relations, policy-making, and military strategies across the globe, emphasizing a need for collective security and diplomatic solutions to prevent conflict.