What is a key requirement for making inferences while reading?

Making inferences while reading relies heavily on background knowledge. When readers engage with a text, they do not just process the words on the page; they also draw upon their existing knowledge and experiences to understand the nuances and implications behind the text. Background knowledge allows readers to make connections between what they already know and what they are reading, filling in gaps and forming a deeper understanding of the material.

For example, if a reader has prior knowledge about a certain culture, they may be able to infer subtleties and themes in a story set in that culture that someone without that background knowledge might miss. This ability to connect new information with what one already knows is crucial for critically engaging with the text and creating meaningful interpretations.

While direct statements from the author may provide important information, they do not enable the reader to make inferences that require deeper understanding and integration of outside knowledge. Similarly, multiple readings of the text and peer discussions can be helpful, but they rely on having that background knowledge for effective inferences to be made. Therefore, background knowledge stands out as the essential element in the inference-making process.